More citations concerning free black people's slave ownership:
Carter G. Woodson, "Free Negro Owners of Slaves in the United
States in
1830," _Journal of Negro History_ 9 (1924), ca. 41.
Leonard P. Curry, _The Free Black in Urban America, 1800-1850:
The
Shadow of the Dream_ (Chicago, 1981), esp. p. 270.
R. Halliburton, Jr., "Free Black Owners of Slaves," _South
Carolina
Historical Magazine_ 76 (1975), 129-42.
Larry Koger, _Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slave Masters in
South
Carolina, 1790-1860_ (Jefferson, N.C., 1985)
Michael P. Johnson and James L. Roark, _No Chariot Let Down:
Charleston's Free People of Color on the Eve of the Civil War_ (Chapel
Hill, 1984)
Loren Schweninger, _Black property owners in the South,
1790-1915_
(Urbana, Ill., 1990)
You might even consult my "Emancipators, Protectors, and
Anomalies:
Free Black Slaveowners in Virginia," _Virginia Magazine of History and
Biography_ 95 (1987), 317-338.
Phil Schwarz
Va. Commonwealth Univ.
Automatic digest processor wrote:
>
> There are 4 messages totalling 410 lines in this issue.
>
> Topics of the day:
>
> 1. Reparations and Free Black slave ownership
> 2. Free Black slave ownership (3)
>
> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
> at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Date: Mon, 13 May 2002 00:54:59 -0400
> From: "Stephan A. Schwartz" <[log in to unmask]>
> Subject: Re: Reparations and Free Black slave ownership
>
> Thank you, Ed.
>
> -- Stephan
>
> on 5/12/02 10:46 PM, EDWARD BOND at [log in to unmask] wrote:
>
> > I believe that the diary of William Johnson, a free black Natchez slaveowner,
> > is in print.
> >
> > Ed Bond
> > Assistant Professor of History
> > Alabama A&M University
> >> ===== Original Message From Discussion of research and writing about Virginia
> > history <[log in to unmask]> =====
> >> Paul --
> >>
> >> Many thanks. Will take look tomorrow.
> >>
> >> -- Stephan
> >>
> >> on 5/12/02 10:40 AM, paul finkelman at [log in to unmask] wrote:
> >>
> >>>
> >>> Russell, The Free Negro in Virginia, (1913); Luther P. Jackson, Free Negro
> >>> Labor and Property Holding in Virginia (1942); John Hope Franklin, The
> > Free
> >>> Negro in North Carolina, (1943)
> >>
> >> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
> >> at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
> >
> > To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
> > at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date: Mon, 13 May 2002 10:53:03 -0400
> From: "Harold S. Forsythe" <[log in to unmask]>
> Subject: Re: Free Black slave ownership
>
> I think you can rely on Michael Johnson's meticulous scholarship without=
> worry.
> For an example, see the last two numbers of the William & Mary
> Quarterly, where Johnson has reexamined the evidence for the
> Denmark Vesey conspiracy and developed a new interpretation of
> the events. The WMQ published a symposium on Johnson's
> essay in its most recent edition.
>
> Date sent: Sun, 12 May 2002 22:44:15 -0400
> From: "Stephan A. Schwartz" <[log in to unmask]>
> Subject: Re: Free Black slave ownership
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Send reply to: Discussion of research and writing about Virginia history
> <[log in to unmask]>
>
> > Thanks, Jon. Very good points, which will add nuance. I do know Berlin=
> ,
> > that's where I started.
> >
> > -- Stephan
> >
> >
> > on 5/12/02 9:36 AM, Jon Kukla at [log in to unmask] wrote:
> >
> > > Re question 2 and on the assumption that your gaze may extend beyond t=
> he
> > > boundaries of the Old Dominion.: I've just been reading Carl Brasseaux=
> 's
> > > essay on "Creoles of Color in Louisiana's Bayou Country" in connection
> > > with my book on the Louisiana Purchase - He offers very reliable figur=
> es
> > > on slave-holding by free people of color and raises the question and
> > > attempts to gauge the degree to which _some_ of their slave purchases
> > > were done for the purpose of manumitting or taking care of family
> > > members - while others were for laborers and with attitudes that
> > > paralleled their white planter neighbors. Of course Louisiana had a
> > > different legal approach to manumission than Virginia; the Louisiana l=
> aw
> > > & practice is well described in the late Kim Hanger's essay on The
> > > Origins of NEw Orleans's Free People of Color - Both essays are found =
> in
> > > James H. Dormon, ed Creoles of Color of the Gulf South (Knoxville: Uni=
> v
> > > of Tenn Press1996) along with other good things. I trust you're famili=
> ar
> > > with Ira Berlin's Slaves without Masters (New York: Oxford 1974) and
> > > Berlin's more recent big book (title of which eludes me until the coff=
> ee
> > > kicks in........) Brasseaux (who edits the journal Louisiana History)
> > > says good things about H. E. Sterkx's The Free Negro in Ante-Bellum
> > > Louisiana (Rutherford NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press 1976
> > >
> > > Jon Kukla
> > >
> > > "Stephan A. Schwartz" wrote:
> > >
> > >> I am doing research for a major national magazine piece I have been
> > >> asked to do which will touch on the issue of reparations. In the
> > >> course of my work, I have come across the following volume:
> > >>
> > >> Black Masters. A Family of Color in the Old South, Michael P. Johnson
> > >> and James L. Roak New York: Norton, 1984)
> > >>
> > >> Two questions for the list:
> > >>
> > >> 1.) Although the book seems sound, and comes from a reputable
> > >> publisher, does anyone know any reason I should be leery of the
> > >> research it uses (I am more interested in the research than the
> > >> arguments);
> > >>
> > >> 2.) Can anyone provide any additional material on free black ownersh=
> ip
> > >> of slaves.
> > >>
> > >> I am not writing a polemical piece and am not interested in arguing a
> > >> partisan position. My interest is solely factual accuracy, so that I
> > >> give an honest presentation of the history here. Since this is such =
> an
> > >> explosive subject, I want to make sure I am on firm ground, and would
> > >> appreciate any input from other members of this list.
> > >>
> > >> Thanks.
> > >>
> > >> -- Stephan
> > >>
> > >> Stephan A. Schwartz =80 Email: [log in to unmask]
> > >> Personal Website: http://www.stephanaschwartz.com =80 Schwartzrep=
> ort:
> > >> http://www.schwartzreport.net 147 Pinewood Road, Virginia Beach,
> > >> Virginia 22932 =80 Voice: 757.422.4549
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the
> > >> instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
> > >
> > > To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the
> > > instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
> >
> > To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instruction=
> s
> > at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
>
> Harold S. Forsythe
> Assistant Professor History
> Director: Black Studies
> Fairfield University
> Fairfield, CT 06430-5195
> (203) 254-4000 x2379
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date: Mon, 13 May 2002 11:34:12 -0400
> From: John Hopkins <[log in to unmask]>
> Subject: Re: Free Black slave ownership
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Stephan A. Schwartz [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
> Sent: Sunday, May 12, 2002 10:44 PM
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: Free Black slave ownership
>
> Thanks, Jon. Very good points, which will add nuance. I do know Berlin,
> that's where I started.
>
> -- Stephan
>
> on 5/12/02 9:36 AM, Jon Kukla at [log in to unmask] wrote:
>
> > Re question 2 and on the assumption that your gaze may extend beyond the
> > boundaries of the Old Dominion.: I've just been reading Carl Brasseaux's
> essay
> > on "Creoles of Color in Louisiana's Bayou Country" in connection with my
> book
> > on
> > the Louisiana Purchase - He offers very reliable figures on slave-holding
> by
> > free people of color and raises the question and attempts to gauge the
> degree
> > to
> > which _some_ of their slave purchases were done for the purpose of
> manumitting
> > or taking care of family members - while others were for laborers and with
> > attitudes that paralleled their white planter neighbors. Of course
> Louisiana
> > had
> > a different legal approach to manumission than Virginia; the Louisiana law
> &
> > practice is well described in the late Kim Hanger's essay on The Origins
> of
> > NEw
> > Orleans's Free People of Color - Both essays are found in James H. Dormon,
> ed
> > Creoles of Color of the Gulf South (Knoxville: Univ of Tenn Press1996)
> along
> > with other good things.
> > I trust you're familiar with Ira Berlin's Slaves without Masters (New
> York:
> > Oxford 1974) and Berlin's more recent big book (title of which eludes me
> until
> > the coffee kicks in........) Brasseaux (who edits the journal Louisiana
> > History) says good things about H. E. Sterkx's The Free Negro in
> Ante-Bellum
> > Louisiana (Rutherford NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press 1976
> >
> > Jon Kukla
> >
> > "Stephan A. Schwartz" wrote:
> >
> >> I am doing research for a major national magazine piece I have been asked
> to
> >> do which will touch on the issue of reparations. In the course of my
> work,
> >> I have come across the following volume:
> >>
> >> Black Masters. A Family of Color in the Old South, Michael P. Johnson and
> >> James L. Roak New York: Norton, 1984)
> >>
> >> Two questions for the list:
> >>
> >> 1.) Although the book seems sound, and comes from a reputable publisher,
> >> does anyone know any reason I should be leery of the research it uses (I
> am
> >> more interested in the research than the arguments);
> >>
> >> 2.) Can anyone provide any additional material on free black ownership
> of
> >> slaves.
> >>
> >> I am not writing a polemical piece and am not interested in arguing a
> >> partisan position. My interest is solely factual accuracy, so that I
> give
> >> an honest presentation of the history here. Since this is such an
> explosive
> >> subject, I want to make sure I am on firm ground, and would appreciate
> any
> >> input from other members of this list.
> >>
> >> Thanks.
> >>
> >> -- Stephan
> >>
> >> Stephan A. Schwartz EUR Email: [log in to unmask]
> >> Personal Website: http://www.stephanaschwartz.com EUR Schwartzreport:
> >> http://www.schwartzreport.net 147 Pinewood Road, Virginia Beach,
> Virginia
> >> 22932 EUR Voice: 757.422.4549
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
> >> at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
> >
> > To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
> > at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
>
> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
> at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date: Mon, 13 May 2002 12:12:11 -0400
> From: "Stephan A. Schwartz" <[log in to unmask]>
> Subject: Re: Free Black slave ownership
>
> Thank you, Harold. I thought as much, but it consensus builds confidence i=
> n
> such things.
>
> -- Stephan=20
>
> on 5/13/02 10:53 AM, Harold S. Forsythe at [log in to unmask]
> wrote:
>
> > I think you can rely on Michael Johnson's meticulous scholarship without
> > worry.
> > For an example, see the last two numbers of the William & Mary
> > Quarterly, where Johnson has reexamined the evidence for the
> > Denmark Vesey conspiracy and developed a new interpretation of
> > the events. The WMQ published a symposium on Johnson's
> > essay in its most recent edition.
> >=20
> > Date sent: Sun, 12 May 2002 22:44:15 -0400
> > From: "Stephan A. Schwartz" <[log in to unmask]>
> > Subject: Re: Free Black slave ownership
> > To: [log in to unmask]
> > Send reply to: Discussion of research and writing about Virginia
> > history
> > <[log in to unmask]>
> >=20
> >> Thanks, Jon. Very good points, which will add nuance. I do know Berlin=
> ,
> >> that's where I started.
> >>=20
> >> -- Stephan
> >>=20
> >>=20
> >> on 5/12/02 9:36 AM, Jon Kukla at [log in to unmask] wrote:
> >>=20
> >>> Re question 2 and on the assumption that your gaze may extend beyond th=
> e
> >>> boundaries of the Old Dominion.: I've just been reading Carl Brasseaux'=
> s
> >>> essay on "Creoles of Color in Louisiana's Bayou Country" in connection
> >>> with my book on the Louisiana Purchase - He offers very reliable figure=
> s
> >>> on slave-holding by free people of color and raises the question and
> >>> attempts to gauge the degree to which _some_ of their slave purchases
> >>> were done for the purpose of manumitting or taking care of family
> >>> members - while others were for laborers and with attitudes that
> >>> paralleled their white planter neighbors. Of course Louisiana had a
> >>> different legal approach to manumission than Virginia; the Louisiana la=
> w
> >>> & practice is well described in the late Kim Hanger's essay on The
> >>> Origins of NEw Orleans's Free People of Color - Both essays are found i=
> n
> >>> James H. Dormon, ed Creoles of Color of the Gulf South (Knoxville: Univ
> >>> of Tenn Press1996) along with other good things. I trust you're familia=
> r
> >>> with Ira Berlin's Slaves without Masters (New York: Oxford 1974) and
> >>> Berlin's more recent big book (title of which eludes me until the coffe=
> e
> >>> kicks in........) Brasseaux (who edits the journal Louisiana History)
> >>> says good things about H. E. Sterkx's The Free Negro in Ante-Bellum
> >>> Louisiana (Rutherford NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press 1976
> >>>=20
> >>> Jon Kukla
> >>>=20
> >>> "Stephan A. Schwartz" wrote:
> >>>=20
> >>>> I am doing research for a major national magazine piece I have been
> >>>> asked to do which will touch on the issue of reparations. In the
> >>>> course of my work, I have come across the following volume:
> >>>>=20
> >>>> Black Masters. A Family of Color in the Old South, Michael P. Johnson
> >>>> and James L. Roak New York: Norton, 1984)
> >>>>=20
> >>>> Two questions for the list:
> >>>>=20
> >>>> 1.) Although the book seems sound, and comes from a reputable
> >>>> publisher, does anyone know any reason I should be leery of the
> >>>> research it uses (I am more interested in the research than the
> >>>> arguments);
> >>>>=20
> >>>> 2.) Can anyone provide any additional material on free black ownershi=
> p
> >>>> of slaves.
> >>>>=20
> >>>> I am not writing a polemical piece and am not interested in arguing a
> >>>> partisan position. My interest is solely factual accuracy, so that I
> >>>> give an honest presentation of the history here. Since this is such a=
> n
> >>>> explosive subject, I want to make sure I am on firm ground, and would
> >>>> appreciate any input from other members of this list.
> >>>>=20
> >>>> Thanks.
> >>>>=20
> >>>> -- Stephan
> >>>>=20
> >>>> Stephan A. Schwartz =80 Email: [log in to unmask]
> >>>> Personal Website: http://www.stephanaschwartz.com =80 Schwartzreport=
> :
> >>>> http://www.schwartzreport.net 147 Pinewood Road, Virginia Beach,
> >>>> Virginia 22932 =80 Voice: 757.422.4549
> >>>>=20
> >>>>=20
> >>>>=20
> >>>> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the
> >>>> instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
> >>>=20
> >>> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the
> >>> instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
> >>=20
> >> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instruction=
> s
> >> at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
> >=20
> >=20
> > Harold S. Forsythe
> > Assistant Professor History
> > Director: Black Studies
> > Fairfield University
> > Fairfield, CT 06430-5195
> > (203) 254-4000 x2379
> >=20
> > To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
> > at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
>
> ------------------------------
>
> End of VA-HIST Digest - 12 May 2002 to 13 May 2002 (#2002-91)
> *************************************************************
To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions
at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html
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