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Subject:
From:
Melinda Skinner <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Discussion of research and writing about Virginia history <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Wed, 25 Jun 2008 11:46:44 +0000
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I believe it was the name of a very early/initial follower of Muhammad-- as the religion of Islam was being formed.
It was surely a name taken by many others over the years.

--
Melinda C. P. Skinner
Richmond, VA


 -------------- Original message ----------------------
From: jmduke <[log in to unmask]>
> Lyle
> 
> I heard years ago that Cassius Clay took the name Muhammad Ali not 
> knowing that it was the name of an infamous black African slave seller. 
> Whether this is true or not I don't know.
> 
> Maurice Duke
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Lyle E. Browning wrote:
> > My reason for asking is quite simple. I have a project in downtown 
> > Richmond upon which lived two slave traders of minor import. I am 
> > gathering intel so that I can create an appropriate context for 
> > archaeological work, possibly on their houses. Looking at two 
> > individuals in isolation is hardly a competent piece of work for 
> > comparative purposes. I prefer to work from the known universe into the 
> > unknown. What I am finding interesting is what these people did after 
> > they couldn't sell people anymore. Well, glad you asked, as a salesman 
> > is a salesman is a salesman. Real estate auctioneer and grocer are 
> > post-Civil War occupations the two on the block in question. Even Robert 
> > Lumpkin appears to have gone from jailer to boarding house patron 
> > afterward.
> > 
> > I am quite conversant with the "philosophical" arguments of the African 
> > side of the horrible equation and of the Muslim side of the issue as 
> > well. That is not my focus as I don't really have a set of spare 
> > lifetimes to devote to it. Somewhere along the line, I did run into the 
> > name of an African king involved in capturing and selling other 
> > Africans, something that was apparently quite normal in their society. 
> > The alternative was death so....
> > 
> > But that's another story.
> > 
> > Lyle Browning, RPA
> > 
> > 
> > On Jun 24, 2008, at 5:28 PM, macbd1 wrote:
> > 
> >> Lyle & Craig,
> >>
> >> Of likely greater importance to others, can someone provide the name 
> >> of one African man who may share accountabilities for the enslaving of 
> >> Africans and selling them at various African ports for profit, as 
> >> described below.  The name of just one who was responsible for the 
> >> relatively few slaves who arrived in the British colony of Virginia 
> >> would be particulary appealing for a fiery inscription on a large rock 
> >> maybe placed on the south bank of the Potomac?  The name of just one 
> >> man who may be held accountable for some of the atrocities described 
> >> below...?  And when do atrocities amount to genocide...by Africans 
> >> against Africans!  Why focus on slave traders and only consider a 
> >> secondary few in Virginia when others were primarily responsible for 
> >> the endless supply to the world over centuries?
> >>
> >> More at this link:
> >> http://www.slaverysite.com/Body/maps.htm
> >>
> >> An excerpt for those who don't open the link:
> >>
> >> "A map of Africa today is shown; the sub-Sahara region, not including 
> >> South Africa, is where the European slave traders were active. The 
> >> Portuguese began dealing in black slaves from Africa in the 15th 
> >> century. Initially, they purchased slaves from Islamic traders, who 
> >> had established inland trading routes to the sub-Sahara region. Later, 
> >> as the Portuguese explored the coast of Africa, they came upon the 
> >> Senegal River, and found that they could purchase slaves directly from 
> >> black Africans. The European slave trading activity moved south along 
> >> the African coast over time, as far south as Angola. On the east coast 
> >> of Africa and in the Indian Ocean region, slaves were also taken from 
> >> Mozambique, Zanzibar and Madagascar. Many of the slaves were from the 
> >> interior of Africa, having been taken captive as a result of tribal 
> >> wars, or else having been kidnapped by black slave traders engaged in 
> >> the business of trading slaves for European goods. These slaves would 
> >> be marched to the coast to be sold, sometimes traveling hundreds of 
> >> miles. Many perished along the way - the numbers can only be 
> >> estimated. Lovejoy notes that losses on the ships were estimated at 
> >> 9-15 per cent, and losses at Dutch-ruled Cape Coast castle were 
> >> reported to be 6-7 per cent. Losses from the point of capture to the 
> >> point of arrival at the slave trading forts were estimated to be 40% 
> >> by Miller based on data from Angola. Using Thomas' figure of 
> >> 11,128,000 live slaves delivered to the New World during the Atlantic 
> >> slave trade, and considering Lovejoy's and Miller's estimates of 
> >> losses, the number of captured slaves in the interior of Africa is 
> >> estimated to be from 21.7 million to  23.5 million people. This figure 
> >> does not include the many who may have been killed in the process of 
> >> capture."
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> Neil McDonald
> >>
> >>
> >> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Craig Kilby" <[log in to unmask]>
> >> To: <[log in to unmask]>
> >> Sent: Tuesday, June 24, 2008 1:33 PM
> >> Subject: Re: [VA-HIST] Richmond and VA slave Traders
> >>
> >>
> >>>
> >>> Lyle,
> >>>
> >>> What a great question, and I am hoping the answer is yes.  I am  
> >>> currently working on a VFH grant to the Mary Ball Washington Museum  
> >>> and Library to abstract the estate records of Lancaster County from  
> >>> 1835-1865.  We've finished the gathering phase and are now in the  
> >>> computer input stage. Needless to say, mention is sometimes made of  
> >>> a slave being sold in Richmond, but seldom by whom.
> >>>
> >>> To our surprise, such cases were rare.  Perhaps about 10 such 
> >>> entries  out of 1200 records.  Even less frequent was the case of a 
> >>> slave  being sold out of the estate at an estate sale or during the 
> >>> term of  an account. Perhaps about 5 such entries for such an event.  
> >>> It  seemed to be the norm to keep the slaves within the estate, and 
> >>> when  divided between heirs to keep them in family groups.
> >>>
> >>> Regardless, I too would be interested in such a list.  It would be a  
> >>> very valuable addition to this project.
> >>>
> >>> Thanks for thinking of the question,
> >>>
> >>> Craig Kilby
> >>> Lancaster, VA
> >>>
> >>> On Jun 24, 2008, at 1:42 PM, Lyle E. Browning wrote:
> >>>
> >>>> Before I do this the hard way, has anyone got a spreadsheet or  
> >>>> other computerized list of slave traders for Richmond and for the  
> >>>> rest of VA?
> >>>>
> >>>> Thanks in advance,
> >>>>
> >>>> Lyle Browning, RPA
> >>>>
> >>>> ______________________________________
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> >>>
> >>> ______________________________________
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> >>>
> >>>
> >>
> >> ______________________________________
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> > 
> > ______________________________________
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> > 
> 
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