> Do they have some surveyor's benchmarks at the corners now rather than a tree? -Generally there are iron rods or pipes at the corners or sometimes a nail or spike driven into the base of the original tree (or tree stump). There can be chiseled crosses or drill holes on rock or in concrete posts set into the ground. A 'PK' (name of the manufacturer Parker-Kaplon) hardened steel nail can be hammered into pavement. I have seen some markers that are short railroad rails with a punch hold in the top or an axle from an old car or other machinery. To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe, please see the instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-roots.html