https://beta.familysearch.org/s/image/show#uri=http%3A%2F%2Fpilot.familysearch.org%2Frecords%2Ftrk%3A%2Ffsrs%2Fidgs%3A004263489.004263489_00442&hash=MPAfKvgWGXfZ5STyuqUCQxOVNk8%253D line 5 Ray -----Original Message----- From: Kay Peninger <[log in to unmask]> To: [log in to unmask] Sent: Fri, Oct 29, 2010 3:52 pm Subject: Re: [VA-HIST] 1870 Southern Census Takers Hi, Hannah, Is this census online? Kay Kay C. Peninger Executive Director St. John's Church Foundation 2319 East Broad Street Richmond, VA 23223 804.649.0263 office 804.564.1002 cell 804.643.4412 fax www.historicstjohnschurch.org -----Original Message----- From: Discussion of research and writing about Virginia history [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Hannah Powell Sent: Friday, October 29, 2010 3:43 PM To: [log in to unmask] Subject: Re: [VA-HIST] 1870 Southern Census Takers In the 1870 Census of Jones County Georgia is the first example I can show you of a former slave being a county assistant Marshall. DEVEAUX, JAMES B. is the assistant Marshall of Jones Co., GA. He is a male mulatto age 25 born in Georgia and is a school teacher. The population breakdown of Jones County shows as follows: GAJones: Black Males: 3,043 Black Females: 3,279 GAJones: White Males: 1,838 White Females: 1,829 1870/06/09/css/218A GAJones, Clinton PO. In Household #1 is CLARKE SLATTER age 52 male black, blacksmith $400 real estate, $200 personal property, b. GA; Frances age 48 female mulatto, tailoress, b. Dist. of Columbia; HARDEMAN, Julia 33 fm cook GA; GREEN, Dumas 14 mb GA; ... and living with Clarke Slatter is family #2 JAMES B. DEVERAU age 25 male mulatto, school teacher, b. Georgia, Louise M. 18 fm school teacher, b. SC; Laura 18 fm school teacher, b. GA; Isaac age 9/12 male mulatto b. August in GA. Neither of these heads of household are listed in the 1860 Federal Census. They are living in a large community of former slaves. Hannah Powell ----- Original Message ----- From: "James McCall" <[log in to unmask]> To: <[log in to unmask]> Sent: Friday, October 29, 2010 8:30 AM Subject: Re: [VA-HIST] 1870 Southern Census Takers According to Foner at p,43 and later in his "A Short History of Reconstruction", educational initiatives for blacks in 1865-66 were one of the few successes of the Freedman Bureau, which had the help of Northern benevolent societies and "blacks themselves". By 1870, they already had a major impact, so undoubtedly this would have aided those so educated in performing the census. Jim McCall On Oct 29, 2010, at 8:05 AM, Hannah Powell wrote: > Many plantations had black overseers (Plantation record keepers). Many > whites as well as blacks were illiterate. Sometimes you can see on the > census a black head of household who is actually the overseer for a white > master and the household is all listed black. > Hannah Powell > > ----- Original Message ----- From: "Craig Kilby" <[log in to unmask]> > To: <[log in to unmask]> > Sent: Thursday, October 28, 2010 2:35 PM > Subject: [VA-HIST] 1870 Southern Census Takers > > >> There were plenty of literate and educated people of color in 1870. >> >> Craig >> >> On Oct 28, 2010, at 9:14 AM, JEFFREY D SOUTHMAYD wrote: >> >>> Seems unlikely since the vast majority of slaves were illiterate and >> could neither read nor write. >>> >>> >>> JDS >> >> ______________________________________ >> To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe please see the instructions >> at >> http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html > > ______________________________________ > To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe please see the instructions > at > http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html ______________________________________ To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe please see the instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html ______________________________________ To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe please see the instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html ______________________________________ To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe please see the instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html ______________________________________ To subscribe, change options, or unsubscribe please see the instructions at http://listlva.lib.va.us/archives/va-hist.html