This is true as some of my mixed raced ancestors attended Hampton University. Even now I get a mixed reaction when I state that I have Native Heritage. It seems to be acceptable to be white/Native, but not Afro/Native. Anita -- John Frederick Fausz <[log in to unmask]> wrote: The more recent education of Indians IN VIRGINIA is recounted most engagingly, with superb photographs, in Mary Lou Hultgren and Paulette Fairbanks Molin, TO LEAD AND TO SERVE: AMERICAN INDIAN EDUCATION AT HAMPTON INSTITUTE, 1878-1923 (Virginia Foundation for the Humanities, 1989). This exhibit catalogue revealed Hampton's wonderful collection of Indian artifacts, which many of the students brought with them. In those years, almost 1,400 Indian students from 65 different tribes were educated along with African Americans at Hampton, and the gutsy experiment in biracial education was much praised and well supported for a time. Unfortunately, however, by the early 20th cen- tury, the race issue resulted in the loss of federal funding, in the biased belief that it was preferable to "elevate the red race [including warriors who had fought against the USA] to the level of the white race ... [rather than] degrade and humiliate him by sinking him to the lowplane of the negro race" (attributed to Texas Congressman John Hall Stephens, Chairman of the House Committee on Indian Affairs, quoted on p 52). Best from St. Louis, Fred Fausz ************************************** See what's free at http://www.aol.com.