Lyle & Craig,
Of likely greater importance to others, can someone provide the name of one
African man who may share accountabilities for the enslaving of Africans and
selling them at various African ports for profit, as described below. The
name of just one who was responsible for the relatively few slaves who
arrived in the British colony of Virginia would be particulary appealing for
a fiery inscription on a large rock maybe placed on the south bank of the
Potomac? The name of just one man who may be held accountable for some of
the atrocities described below...? And when do atrocities amount to
genocide...by Africans against Africans! Why focus on slave traders and
only consider a secondary few in Virginia when others were primarily
responsible for the endless supply to the world over centuries?
More at this link:
http://www.slaverysite.com/Body/maps.htm
An excerpt for those who don't open the link:
"A map of Africa today is shown; the sub-Sahara region, not including South
Africa, is where the European slave traders were active. The Portuguese
began dealing in black slaves from Africa in the 15th century. Initially,
they purchased slaves from Islamic traders, who had established inland
trading routes to the sub-Sahara region. Later, as the Portuguese explored
the coast of Africa, they came upon the Senegal River, and found that they
could purchase slaves directly from black Africans. The European slave
trading activity moved south along the African coast over time, as far south
as Angola. On the east coast of Africa and in the Indian Ocean region,
slaves were also taken from Mozambique, Zanzibar and Madagascar. Many of the
slaves were from the interior of Africa, having been taken captive as a
result of tribal wars, or else having been kidnapped by black slave traders
engaged in the business of trading slaves for European goods. These slaves
would be marched to the coast to be sold, sometimes traveling hundreds of
miles. Many perished along the way - the numbers can only be estimated.
Lovejoy notes that losses on the ships were estimated at 9-15 per cent, and
losses at Dutch-ruled Cape Coast castle were reported to be 6-7 per cent.
Losses from the point of capture to the point of arrival at the slave
trading forts were estimated to be 40% by Miller based on data from Angola.
Using Thomas' figure of 11,128,000 live slaves delivered to the New World
during the Atlantic slave trade, and considering Lovejoy's and Miller's
estimates of losses, the number of captured slaves in the interior of Africa
is estimated to be from 21.7 million to 23.5 million people. This figure
does not include the many who may have been killed in the process of
capture."
Neil McDonald
----- Original Message -----
From: "Craig Kilby" <[log in to unmask]>
To: <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Tuesday, June 24, 2008 1:33 PM
Subject: Re: [VA-HIST] Richmond and VA slave Traders
>
> Lyle,
>
> What a great question, and I am hoping the answer is yes. I am currently
> working on a VFH grant to the Mary Ball Washington Museum and Library to
> abstract the estate records of Lancaster County from 1835-1865. We've
> finished the gathering phase and are now in the computer input stage.
> Needless to say, mention is sometimes made of a slave being sold in
> Richmond, but seldom by whom.
>
> To our surprise, such cases were rare. Perhaps about 10 such entries out
> of 1200 records. Even less frequent was the case of a slave being sold
> out of the estate at an estate sale or during the term of an account.
> Perhaps about 5 such entries for such an event. It seemed to be the norm
> to keep the slaves within the estate, and when divided between heirs to
> keep them in family groups.
>
> Regardless, I too would be interested in such a list. It would be a very
> valuable addition to this project.
>
> Thanks for thinking of the question,
>
> Craig Kilby
> Lancaster, VA
>
> On Jun 24, 2008, at 1:42 PM, Lyle E. Browning wrote:
>
>> Before I do this the hard way, has anyone got a spreadsheet or other
>> computerized list of slave traders for Richmond and for the rest of VA?
>>
>> Thanks in advance,
>>
>> Lyle Browning, RPA
>>
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