You are projecting your 21st century prejudice into the 15th again.  
Columbus was worthy. He was a man of his time and held the prejudices  
of his time. He did something that most did not have the guts to do. I  
have been on the reconstructed Nina, The idea of crossing the Atlantic  
without the backup of the radio and the Coast Guard in what is little  
more than an open boat is terrifying. Especially as we know there is  
something on the other side, Columbus only thought so.

1491 has been debunked by the archaeological world  Menzies and his  
supporters have no claim to historic fact. Yes the Chinese mounted  
expeditions to India and even Africa, but there is no evidence that  
they went the other way, just the supposition that as it was possible  
they must have.

On Oct 21, 2008, at 7:53 PM, Anne Pemberton wrote:

> Lyle,
>
> May I suggest some of my recent reading in addition to what I  
> typically discuss on this list.
>
> 1) "1491 - New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus" by  
> Charles G. Mann. Take special note of the chapter on Norte Chico,  
> but the likelihood of a southern-origin migration is also mentioned  
> in other sections of the book.
>
> 2) "The Farfarers" by Farley Mowat discusses in great detail the  
> settlement of the Albans (Scottish forebears) in Canada and share  
> photos of the foundations of their stone houses and lighthouses used  
> to guide folks in and out without being known to the Norse.
>
> 3) "The Basque History of the World" by Mark Kurlansky. Discusses in  
> depth the exploration of the fishing banks by a people who were  
> without a country. Also, in his book name "Cod", the same author  
> discusses the North Atlantic fishing grounds. The fact that these  
> specific location were not widely publicized is no reason whatsoever  
> to give the credit for their discovery to an unworthy man.
>
> And, rather than presentism, I will let you check the record for the  
> fame and acclaim given Columbus during his lifetime.
>
> Anne
>
> Anne Pemberton
> [log in to unmask]
> http://www.erols.com/apembert
> http://www.educationalsynthesis.org
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