Precision is important when characterizing things, especially things
that the Feds did during the decades before and after the Civil War.
In the first place, Virginia was not under military rule when the census
of 1870 was taken. Congressional, or as it is sometimes called military,
reconstruction ended in Virginia in January 1870.
In the second place, federal government employees always conducted the
census, so what, if anything, does it matter whether a former
Confederate state still had military rule when the census of 1870 was
taken?
Brent Tarter
The Library of Virginia
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