The sources designated by Bea Hardy are very valuable ones, especially for looking at large trends. From my research, cities feature a greater variety of groups than did the countryside.
Permit me to boost my own book, AVENUES OF FAITH, which uses Richmond as a case study, 1900-1930. Beth Schweiger's GOSPEL LOOKING UP focuses on Virginia Baptists and Methodists. In my personal notes, I have some detailed statistics about specific churches and congregations in Richmond, should that be of use to you.
Sam Shepherd
Professor Emeritus
Centenary College of Louisiana
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Topics of the day:
1. Religions in VA in 1900s
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Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2023 15:18:16 +0000
From: Beatriz Hardy <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: Religions in VA in 1900s
In response to the question about religions in Virginia, the U.S. census included statistics on religion/churches from the mid-1800s to the mid-1900s. For details, see
"A Brief History of Religion and the U.S. Census."<https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2010/01/26/a-brief-history-of-religion-and-the-u-s-census/#:~:text=The%20Census%20of%20Religious%20Bodies%20was%20conducted%20every%2010%20years,collected%20in%20the%201946%20census>
You can download some of the data from the University of Minnesota's National Historical GIS<https://www.nhgis.org/>, which also has tools available for mapping.
From 1850 to 1890, the census included data about churches (though not necessarily the number of members).
Here are some links to the Census Bureau's publications:
1870 Statistics of Churches Table XVII<https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-48.pdf> (summarizes 1850, 1860, and 1870)
1870 Statistics of Churches Table VIII<https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-49.pdf> by state and county
1880--I can't find if the church statistics were published; not listed in the table of contents
1890 Statistics of Churches<https://www.census.gov/library/publications/1894/dec/volume-9.html>
Every 10 years, from 1906 to 1946, the Census Bureau conducted the "U.S. Census of Religious Bodies" with a vast number of details. The Census Bureau published summary statistics for each of the first four (1946 was never published), the only original schedules that survive are for 1926.
1906 summary<https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00190438p1ch1.pdf>
1916 summary<https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00190404p1ch1.pdf> or alternative copy<https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044009581232&view=1up&seq=23>
1926 summary<https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/13949806v1ch1.pdf>
1926 schedules<https://omeka.religiousecologies.org/s/census-1926/page/home> at George Mason University's American Religious Ecologies Project
1936 summary<https://books.google.com/books?id=efPf3xB0i4cC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false> or alternative<https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/04125308p1.pdf>
Bea Hardy
Beatriz Betancourt Hardy, Ph.D./pronouns: she/her Dean of Libraries and Instructional Resources Salisbury University
1101 Camden Avenue
Salisbury, MD 21801
410-543-6133
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End of VA-HIST Digest - 20 Mar 2023 to 21 Mar 2023 (#2023-32)
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